赛洛唑啉

赛洛唑啉
临床资料
读音	/ˌzaɪloʊˌmɛtəˈzoʊliːn/; ZY-lo-MET-ə-ZOH-leen
商品名（英语：Drug nomenclature）	Otrivin, Otrivine, others
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
MedlinePlus	a608026
核准状况	美 DailyMed: Xylometazoline;
怀孕分级	C;
依赖性	Moderate
给药途径	intranasal (spray or drops)
药物类别（英语：Drug class）	α1 and α2 adrenergic receptor agonist
ATC码	R01AA07 (WHO) S01GA03;
法律规范状态
法律规范	OTC;
药物动力学数据
生物半衰期	>10 seconds
排泄途径	Urinary
识别信息
	IUPAC命名法 2-[(4-tert-butyl-2,6-dimethylphenyl)methyl]-; 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole; ;
CAS号	526-36-3
PubChem CID	5709;
IUPHAR/BPS	517;
DrugBank	DB06694 ;
ChemSpider	5507 ;
UNII	WPY40FTH8K;
KEGG	D08684 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL312448 ;
CompTox Dashboard（英语：CompTox Chemicals Dashboard） (EPA)	DTXSID8046957 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.629
化学信息
化学式	C16H24N2
摩尔质量	244.38 g·mol−1
3D模型（JSmol（英语：JSmol））	交互式图像;
	SMILES N\1=C(\NCC/1)Cc2c(cc(cc2C)C(C)(C)C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C16H24N2/c1-11-8-13(16(3,4)5)9-12(2)14(11)10-15-17-6-7-18-15/h8-9H,6-7,10H2,1-5H3,(H,17,18) ; Key:HUCJFAOMUPXHDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;

赛洛唑啉（英文：Xylometazoline，也拼作xylomethazoline），是一种用于减轻鼻塞、过敏性鼻炎和鼻窦炎症状的药物。^[1] 不建议使用超过七天。^[2]同样，不建议三个月以下的婴儿使用，有的说法甚至建议不要在6岁以下儿童使用。^[2]^[3] 这种药物是直接通过鼻子作为喷雾或滴剂使用的。^[2]

副作用包括失眠、鼻子刺激、恶心、鼻出血（3%）、月经疼痛（10%）和头痛（3%）。^[4]^[1]^[2] 长期使用（>10天）不推荐，因为停用后可能会出现药物性鼻炎。^[4]^[5]不建议在怀孕期间使用。^[1]赛洛唑啉属于减充血剂和α肾上腺素受体激动剂这两类药物。^[5]^[6]

参考资料

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Otrivine Adult Measured Dose Sinusitis Spray - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC). www.medicines.org.uk. 13 April 2016 [28 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于29 December 2016）.
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 786. ISBN 9780857111562.
^ World Health Organization. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. hdl:10665/325771 . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
^ ^4.0 ^4.1 Eccles R, Martensson K, Chen SC. Effects of intranasal xylometazoline, alone or in combination with ipratropium, in patients with common cold. Current Medical Research and Opinion. April 2010, 26 (4): 889–899. PMID 20151787. S2CID 34728458. doi:10.1185/03007991003648015.
^ ^5.0 ^5.1 Graf P. Rhinitis medicamentosa: aspects of pathophysiology and treatment. Allergy. 1997, 52 (40 Suppl): 28–34. PMID 9353558. S2CID 72326981. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb04881.x.
^ Xylometazoline nasal medical facts from Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. [28 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于29 December 2016）.

[UK2016-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Otrivine Adult Measured Dose Sinusitis Spray - Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) - (eMC). www.medicines.org.uk. 13 April 2016 [28 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于29 December 2016）.

[BNF69-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 British national formulary : BNF 69 69. British Medical Association. 2015: 786. ISBN 9780857111562.

[WHO21st-3] World Health Organization. World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. 2019. hdl:10665/325771 . WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

[sideeff-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Eccles R, Martensson K, Chen SC. Effects of intranasal xylometazoline, alone or in combination with ipratropium, in patients with common cold. Current Medical Research and Opinion. April 2010, 26 (4): 889–899. PMID 20151787. S2CID 34728458. doi:10.1185/03007991003648015.

[Gra1997-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Graf P. Rhinitis medicamentosa: aspects of pathophysiology and treatment. Allergy. 1997, 52 (40 Suppl): 28–34. PMID 9353558. S2CID 72326981. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb04881.x.

[MTM2016-6] Xylometazoline nasal medical facts from Drugs.com. www.drugs.com. [28 December 2016]. （原始内容存档于29 December 2016）.

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