撫仙湖蟲
(重定向自延長撫仙湖蟲)
撫仙湖蟲屬 化石时期:寒武紀前期,
| |
---|---|
撫仙湖蟲的化石 | |
科学分类 | |
界: | 动物界 Animalia |
门: | 节肢动物门 Arthropoda |
演化支: | †次足類 Deuteropoda |
目: | †撫仙湖蟲目 Fuxianhuiida |
科: | †撫仙湖蟲科 Fuxianhuiidae |
属: | †撫仙湖蟲屬 Fuxianhuia Hou, 1987 |
模式種 | |
延長撫仙湖蟲 Fuxianhuia protensa Hou, 1987[2]
| |
其他物種 | |
|
撫仙湖蟲(屬名:Fuxianhuia)是生存於寒武紀第三期的原始海生節肢動物,也是已知最早具有心血管系統的生物[3],化石發現於中國雲南的昆明和玉溪,屬名即來自首次化石記錄的所在地玉溪撫仙湖,是澂江生物群的代表生物之一。[4]
描述
撫仙湖蟲成蟲體長10公分,有31個體節,外骨骼分為頭、胸、腹三部分,背、腹分節數目不一致,與泥盆紀直蝦類化石類似,而直蝦是現代昆蟲的祖先,這間接表明了撫仙湖蟲是昆蟲的遠祖。撫仙湖蟲消化道充滿泥沙,這表明牠是食泥的動物。[5][6][7][8][9]
分布
撫仙湖蟲的化石分佈廣泛,位於雲南省玉溪市澂江縣東6公里的帽天山附近的帽天山化石帶,呈帶狀蜿蜒分佈,這條分佈帶長20公里,寬4.5公里,埋藏深度在50公尺以上。
參考文獻
- ^ Yang, J.; Ortega-Hernández, J.; Butterfield, N. J.; Zhang, X.-G. Specialized appendages in fuxianhuiids and the head organization of early euarthropods. Nature. 2013, 494 (7438): 468–471 [2019-06-26]. ISSN 0028-0836. doi:10.1038/nature11874. (原始内容存档于2019-08-22).
- ^ 侯先光. 雲南澄江早寒武世三個新的大型節肢動物. 古生物學報. 1987, 26: 272–285. ISSN 0001-6616.
- ^ Ma, X.-Y.; Cong, P.-Y.; Hou, X.-G.; Edgecombe, G. D.; Strausfeld, N. J. An exceptionally preserved arthropod cardiovascular system from the early Cambrian. Nature Communications. 2013, 494: 3560 [2019-06-26]. ISSN 2041-1723. doi:10.1038/ncomms4560. (原始内容存档于2019-08-23).
- ^ Dunham, Will. Sea creature fossil found with oldest-known cardiovascular system. Reuters. [2017-07-22]. (原始内容存档于2014-10-18).
- ^ Chen, JY; Edgecombe, G. D.; Ramsköld, L.; Zhou, L. Head segmentation in Early Cambrian Fuxianhuia: implications for arthropod evolution. Science. 1995, 268 (5215): 1339–1343. PMID 17778981. doi:10.1126/science.268.5215.1339.
- ^ Waloszek, D.; Chen, J.; Maas, A.; Wang, X. Early Cambrian arthropods – new insights into arthropod head and structural evolution. Arthropod Structure and Development. 2005, 34 (2): 189–205. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2005.01.005.
- ^ Scholtz, G.; Edgecombe, G. D. The evolution of arthropod heads: reconciling morphological, developmental and palaeontological evidence. Development, Genes and Evolution. 2006, 216 (7–8): 395–415. doi:10.1007/s00427-006-0085-4.
- ^ Ma, X.; Hou, X.; Edgecombe, G. D.; Strausfeld, N. J. Complex brain and optic lobes in an early Cambrian arthropod. Nature. 2012, 490 (7419): 258–261. PMID 23060195. doi:10.1038/nature11495.
- ^ Strausfeld, quoted in Will Dunham, "Sea creature fossil found with oldest-known cardiovascular system", Yahoo Bews, 7 April 2014 (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆): accessed 7 April 2014.